Extra repayment (mimořádná splátka)
A one-off payment on top of the regular instalment that goes entirely towards principal. Under § 117 of Act No. 257/2016 Coll. it is free in any amount at the end of a fixation, and up to 25 % of the total loan amount a year if paid within 1 month before the contract anniversary. Otherwise the bank may charge at most 0.25 % per started year until the fixation ends, 1 % in total.
Example
After 5 years of repaying a CZK 4,000,000 loan (25 years, 5.00 %), about CZK 3,543,000 is still owed. An extra repayment of CZK 300,000 in the anniversary window opens two paths. Keep the term and the payment falls from CZK 23,384 to CZK 21,404. Keep the payment and the mortgage ends 2 years and 8 months sooner, saving roughly CZK 460,000 in interest.
In practice
Banks usually want the payment announced in advance, often 30 days ahead. What counts is the date the contract was signed, not the drawdown date. When you submit it, choose whether to lower the payment or shorten the term; shortening saves more interest. Before sending a large sum, keep a reserve of at least 3–6 payments, because money paid into principal does not come back. Watch the timing: a payment that lands a day after the anniversary will be charged.
How it differs
Early repayment is the broader term and also covers paying off the whole mortgage, for instance on a sale or refinancing. An extra repayment does not end the mortgage, it only shrinks it. Timing is what separates it from an early repayment fee: within the anniversary window and up to 25 % of the loan it is free, at other times it can cost up to 1 % of the amount repaid.
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