Credit history (úvěrová historie)
The record of what loans a person has had and has now, and how they repaid them, including credit card and overdraft limits, arrears and closed contracts. The bank compiles it from the BRKI, NRKI and SOLUS registers and from its own data. It is a mandatory part of the creditworthiness assessment under § 86 of Act No. 257/2016 Coll., on consumer credit.
Example
Two applicants each have a net income of CZK 60,000 and apply for CZK 4,000,000 over 25 years. The first has been repaying a car loan without a hitch for years. The second has three unused credit cards and one settled case of arrears; the bank counts part of his card limits as a liability, so his budget buffer comes out lower and he may be offered a rate above 5.00 %.
In practice
Six months before applying, cancel unused credit cards and overdrafts, pay off small loans and stop applying for new credit, since every application shows up in the register. Having no history at all is not the advantage many people think: to a bank, a young applicant who has never borrowed is an unknown quantity rather than a safe bet. A register entry can be explained, but concealment is not forgiven.
How it differs
Creditworthiness looks at income and expenses now, while credit history looks at past behaviour. Scoring is the bank's resulting points rating, and credit history is one of the inputs that feed it.
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